Although Bernard Lonergan is known primarily for his cognitional theory and theological methodology, he long sought to formulate a modern philosophy of history free of progressive and Marxist biases. Yet he never addressed this in any single work, and his reflections on the subject are scattered in various writings. In this pioneering work, Thomas McPartland shows how Lonergan’s overall philosophical position offers a fresh and comprehensive basis for considering historiography. Taking Lonergan’s philosophy of historical existence into the realm of an (...) epistemological philosophy of history, he demonstrates how the philosopher’s approach builds on the actual performance of historians and, as a result, integrates the insights of historical specialists into a framework of functional complementarity. McPartland draws on all of Lonergan’s philosophical writing—as well as on the vast literature of historiography—to detail Lonergan’s notions of historical method, historical objectivity, and historical knowledge. Along the way, he explains what Lonergan means by hermeneutics; by historical description, explanation, ideal-types, and narrative; by evaluative and dialectical analyses; and how these elements are all functionally related to each other. He also delineates the defining features of psychohistory, cultural history, intellectual history, history of ideas, and history of philosophy, indicating how these disciplines play complementary roles in the critical encounter with the past. Ultimately, McPartland argues that Lonergan has established the principles of a historical discipline—the history of consciousness—that weaves together a philosophy of consciousness with rigorous historical research to grasp long-term trends resulting from “differentiations of consciousness.” His work offers a distinct perspective on historical method that takes historical objectivity seriously while providing new insight into the thought of this important philosopher. (shrink)

Bernard Lonergan's ambitious study of human knowledge, based on his theory of consciousness, is among the major achievements of twentieth-century philosophy. He challenges the principles of contemporary intellectual culture by finding norms and standards not in external perceptions or reified concepts, but in the dynamism of consciousness itself. _Lonergan and the Philosophy of Historical Existence_ explores the implications of Lonergan's approach to the philosophy of history in a number of distinct but related contexts, covering a variety of intellectual disciplines. Each (...) chapter can be read independently, but the series of chapters provides a coherent unfolding of Lonergan's case that the norms of inquiry endure as a standard of human thought and action amid continuous changes and fluctuations in politics, morals, religion, science, and scholarship. The book explains how Lonergan's idea of development follows from his theory of consciousness and how his treatment of human development inevitably focuses on historical development. The central theme of the book is that Lonergan's philosophy of history makes a pronounced distinction between historicity and historicism. McPartland relates Lonergan's work to existentialist themes and, in the last chapters, to the work of Eric Voegelin. The book addresses the existentialist themes of dread, suffering, guilt, shame, and _resentiment_—within overall themes of history, philosophy, and religion. McPartland argues that Lonergan's unique perspective on scientific method, epistemology, metaphysics, and critical theory can illuminate what seem to be the quite alien topics of reason as religious experience, the anxiety of existence, the existential roots of bias, and mythopoesis and mystery. Here there is a remarkable parallel to the philosophy of history of Eric Voegelin. The concluding chapters of the book show how the equivalence of the two philosophies offers a mutually enriching dialogue between Lonergan's critical realism and Voegelin's existential exegesis. (shrink)

While the contemporary philosophy of history is under severe attack from many quarters (from linguistic historicism to deconstructionism), Lonergan offers a reconstruction of the philosophy of history by grounding it in his "foundational anti-foundationalism," which breaks with the pervasive assumption of a radical bifurcation of subjectivity and objectivity. Shorn of any Cartesian subjectivism, conceptualist system building, or positivist objectivism, his viewpoint is comprehensive. It embraces an ontological philosophy of history that explores the complex and dynamic structures of interaction in historical (...) life that constitute human being (and historicity) as the dialectic of relative horizons and basic horizon. It establishes an epistemological philosophy of history that affirms perspectivism and real historical knowledge, objectivity and evaluation. It clarifies the complex, complementary relations of historical disciplines, the fields in the history of thought, and the prospects of a speculative philosophy of history that focuses on watershed, differentiations of consciousness without succumbing to any priori universal history. /// Ao mesmo tempo que a Filosofia contemporânea da História se encontrava sob ataques severos vindos de vários quadrantes (desde o historicismo linguístico à desconstrução), Lonergan trabalhava no sentido de uma reconstrução da Filosofia da História fundamentando-a no seu "anti-fundacionalismo fundacional", o qual rompe com a pervasiva assumpção acerca da existência de uma bifurcação entre subjectividade e objectividade. Resistindo ao subjectivismo cartesiano, à construção sistemática conceptualista, ou ao objectivismo positivista, o ponto de vista de Lonergan é claramente compreensivo. Ele abraça uma filosofia ontológica da história devotada a uma exploração das estruturas complexas e dinâmicas de interacção na vida histórica constitutivas do ser humano (e da historicidade), tais como as que se dão mediante a dialéctica dos horizontes relativos e do horizonte básico. Mostra-se, assim, de quemodo honergan estabelece uma filosofia da história de cariz epistemológico capaz de afirmar em simultâneo o carácter perspectivista e real do conhecimento histórico, a objectividade e a avaliação. Desse modo, Lonergan clarifica as relações complexas e de complementaridade existentes entre as diversas disciplinas históricas, os diversos campos na história do pensamento, bem como as possibilidades de uma filosofia especulativa da história centrada em precisas diferenciações da consciência sem cair no carácter a priori de uma qualquer história universal. (shrink)